{"id":86455,"date":"2020-09-30T14:58:12","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T12:58:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/?p=86455"},"modified":"2020-10-05T14:53:22","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T12:53:22","slug":"co-ste-mozno-nevedeli-o-alkohole-a-jeho-ucinkoch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/2020\/09\/co-ste-mozno-nevedeli-o-alkohole-a-jeho-ucinkoch\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co ste mo\u017eno nevedeli o\u00a0alkohole a\u00a0jeho \u00fa\u010dinkoch"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alkohol m\u00e1 na telo \u010falekosiahle \u00fa\u010dinky. M\u00e1 \u00fadajne aj pozit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky, ale m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dloveka privies\u0165 aj do pasce. Akon\u00e1hle sa dostane do tela, sp\u00f4sobuje okrem in\u00e9ho okam\u017eit\u00e9 fyziologick\u00e9 zmeny v mozgu, srdci a pe\u010deni. \u010casom m\u00f4\u017eu tieto zmeny vies\u0165 k dlhodob\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm komplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ak \u010dlovek pije viac ako by mal.<\/p>\n

Je ve\u013ea vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno neviete o tejto popul\u00e1rnej l\u00e1tke, ktor\u00e1 sa nach\u00e1dza v niektor\u00fdch z tvojich ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdch koktailov, lik\u00e9rov, p\u00edv a v\u00edn. Uv\u00e1dzame 30 faktov a 5 m\u00fdtov o tejto \u010dasto oslavovanej l\u00e1tke, ktor\u00e1 sa konzumuje v mnoh\u00fdch kult\u00farach po celom svete. A nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, \u010di doma na pohovke, lavi\u010dke v parku, alebo je va\u0161\u00edm ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm miestom barov\u00e1 stoli\u010dka<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

30 faktov o alkohole:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAlkohol\u201d v alkoholick\u00fdch n\u00e1pojoch ako je v\u00edno, pivo a destil\u00e1ty, je v skuto\u010dnosti etanol alebo etylalkohol. Je to jedin\u00fd typ alkoholu, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee\u0161 pi\u0165 bez toho, aby z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom po\u0161kodil tvoje telo.<\/p>\n

Alkohol je depresant. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee spoma\u013euje mozgov\u00fa aktivitu.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea N\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho prieskumu o u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed drog a zdrav\u00ed (NSDUH) z roku 2015 uviedlo 86,4 percenta dospel\u00fdch, \u017ee po\u010das svojho \u017eivota pili alkohol.<\/p>\n

Rovnak\u00fd prieskum takisto zistil, \u017ee 70,1 percenta dospel\u00fdch Ameri\u010danov pilo po\u010das predo\u0161l\u00e9ho roka a 56 percent po\u010das predo\u0161l\u00e9ho mesiaca.<\/p>\n

Alkohol m\u00e1 r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky. V mozgu sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie dopam\u00ednu, \u010do je neurotransmiter spojen\u00fd s vn\u00edman\u00edm p\u00f4\u017eitku a uspokojenia.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u013eava od stresu je \u010fal\u0161\u00ed ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinok pitia alkoholu. Je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm \u010fal\u0161ieho neurotransmiteru GABA.<\/p>\n

Alkohol patr\u00ed medzi najviac zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Asi 12,7 percent Ameri\u010danov sp\u013a\u0148a krit\u00e9ri\u00e1 pre poruchu u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu, \u010di\u017ee jeden z \u00f4smich \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea \u0161t\u00fadie z roku 2015 Ameri\u010dania so svetl\u00fdmi o\u010dami, ktor\u00fdch predkovia poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z Eur\u00f3py, konzumuj\u00fa viac alkoholu v porovnan\u00ed s Ameri\u010danmi s tmav\u00fdmi o\u010dami, ktor\u00ed poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z Eur\u00f3py.<\/p>\n

Rovnak\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia zistila, \u017ee Ameri\u010dania s modr\u00fdmi o\u010dami, ktor\u00fdch predkovia pri\u0161li z Eur\u00f3py, mali najvy\u0161\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148 zneu\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu, \u010do nazna\u010duje genetick\u00e9 prepojenie sp\u00f4sobuj\u00face, \u017ee s\u00fa n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed na poruchu u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu.<\/p>\n

Alkohol sa spracov\u00e1va v pe\u010deni, kde enz\u00fdmy pom\u00e1haj\u00fa rozklada\u0165 etanol na acetaldehyd a acet\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinky spojen\u00e9 s pit\u00edm sa objavuj\u00fa, ke\u010f etanol vstupuje do tvojho krvn\u00e9ho obehu a prech\u00e1dza cez membr\u00e1ny buniek v mozgu, srdci a v in\u00fdch org\u00e1noch.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumy ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee stupe\u0148 u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu a vysokorizikov\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edvania nar\u00e1stol medzi rokmi 2001 and 2013.<\/p>\n

Porucha u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu obsahuje genetick\u00fa zlo\u017eku. Vedci odhaduj\u00fa, \u017ee g\u00e9ny predstavuj\u00fa zhruba polovi\u010dn\u00e9 riziko.<\/p>\n

U mu\u017eov je vy\u0161\u0161ia pravdepodobnos\u0165 u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu ako u \u017eien.<\/p>\n

Alkohol m\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky u mu\u017eov aj u \u017eien. Dlhodob\u00e9 pitie m\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161ie negat\u00edvne d\u00f4sledky u \u017eien ne\u017e u mu\u017eov dokonca aj vtedy, ke\u010f \u017eeny pij\u00fa menej a po\u010das krat\u0161ieho obdobia.<\/p>\n

U \u017eien, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od alkoholu, je o 50 a\u017e 100 % vy\u0161\u0161ia pravdepodobnos\u0165 \u00famrtia v d\u00f4sledku alkoholu v porovnan\u00ed so z\u00e1visl\u00fdmi mu\u017emi.<\/p>\n

\u00damrtia v d\u00f4sledku u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu s\u00fa tre\u0165ou najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou zbyto\u010dnou pr\u00ed\u010dinou smrti v Amerike. Pod\u013ea Centier pre kontrolu chor\u00f4b a prevenciu zomiera ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch v d\u00f4sledku konzum\u00e1cie alkoholu 88 424 \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Alkohol m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 takmer rovnako star\u00fd ako civiliz\u00e1cia. Pozostatky alkoholick\u00fdch n\u00e1pojov, ktor\u00e9 sa datuj\u00fa a\u017e do rokov 7000 a\u017e 6000 pred Kristom, sa na\u0161li v \u010c\u00edne.<\/p>\n

Archeol\u00f3govia na\u0161li d\u00f4kaz sved\u010diaci o tom, \u017ee robotn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed stavali Ve\u013ek\u00e9 pyram\u00eddy v Gize, boli vypl\u00e1can\u00ed pivom.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1razov\u00e9 pitie je vzorec konzum\u00e1cie alkoholu, ktor\u00fd zah\u0155\u0148a to, ke\u010f \u010dlovek po\u010das kr\u00e1tkeho obdobia vypije ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo alkoholu. U \u017eien sa za tak\u00e9 pitie pova\u017euj\u00fa \u0161tyri alebo viac drinkov po\u010das dvoch hod\u00edn, u mu\u017eov je to p\u00e4\u0165 alebo viac drinkov.<\/p>\n

T\u00edned\u017eeri, ktor\u00ed za\u010dn\u00fa pi\u0165 pred dov\u0155\u0161en\u00edm 15. roku, s\u00fa nesk\u00f4r n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed na rozvoj z\u00e1vislosti od alkoholu.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00edznaky ak\u00fatnych abstinen\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa halucin\u00e1cie, k\u0155\u010de a v \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch dokonca smr\u0165. \u013dudia, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa od alkoholu z\u00e1visl\u00ed, by mali vyh\u013eada\u0165 zdravotn\u00fa pomoc.<\/p>\n

Kult\u00fara m\u00e1 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd vplyv na to, ako \u013eudia konzumuj\u00fa alkohol. Jedna \u0161t\u00fadia, ktor\u00e1 sa zaoberala pit\u00edm v rodine a bola realizovan\u00e1 v Taliansku, zistila, \u017ee u Talianov, ktor\u00ed po\u010das vyrastania pili po\u010das spolo\u010dnej konzum\u00e1cie jed\u00e1l v rodine, bola men\u0161ia pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee sa u nich nesk\u00f4r v \u017eivote rozvin\u00fa nezdrav\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky s\u00favisiace s pit\u00edm.<\/p>\n

U\u017e\u00edvanie alkoholu je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rizikov\u00fd faktor pre demenciu.<\/p>\n

Striedme pitie \u010derven\u00e9ho v\u00edna sa pova\u017euje za prospe\u0161n\u00e9 pre srdce, preto\u017ee obsahuje resveratrol, \u010do je l\u00e1tka, ktor\u00e1 pom\u00e1ha kontrolova\u0165 cholesterol, predch\u00e1dza\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu ciev a br\u00e1ni\u0165 krvn\u00fdm zrazenin\u00e1m. (Pozn\u00e1mka k prekladu: najnov\u0161ie v\u00fdskumy spochyb\u0148uj\u00fa prospe\u0161nos\u0165 striedmeho pitia.)<\/p>\n

N\u00e1razov\u00e9 pitie m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k stavu \u201epo opici\u201c, ktor\u00fd je sp\u00f4soben\u00fd chemick\u00fdmi ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edmi produktami, vytvoren\u00fdmi po\u010das spracov\u00e1vania alkoholu.<\/p>\n

Hormon\u00e1lne zmeny ved\u00fa k nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdm pr\u00edznakom stavu \u201epo opici\u201c. Napr. m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 \u010dastej\u0161ie mo\u010denie, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k dehydrat\u00e1cii.<\/p>\n

Po konzum\u00e1cii tmav\u00fdch lik\u00e9rov, ako je \u010derven\u00e9 v\u00edno alebo whisky, je vy\u0161\u0161ia pravdepodobnos\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch stavov \u201epo opici\u201c, naopak pri \u010d\u00edrych lik\u00e9roch je t\u00e1to pravdepodobnos\u0165 men\u0161ia.<\/p>\n

Minim\u00e1lny z\u00e1konn\u00fd vek pre konzum\u00e1ciu alkoholu sa z celosvetov\u00e9ho meradla pohybuje v rozmedz\u00ed od 10 do 21 rokov.<\/p>\n

Svaly absorbuj\u00fa alkohol r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie ne\u017e tuk, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho \u013eudia s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou svalovou hmotou a men\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estvom tuku maj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161iu toleranciu na alkohol.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

P\u00e4\u0165 m\u00fdtov o alkohole<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prv\u00fd m\u00fdtus: Je v poriadku sa ob\u010das opi\u0165. Pravda: N\u00e1razov\u00e9 pitie je spojen\u00e9 s v\u00e1\u017enymi zdravotn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami vr\u00e1tane zranen\u00ed, rakoviny a srdcov\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed. Nie je podstatn\u00e9, ako \u010dasto to rob\u00ed\u0161. Ak pri jednom poseden\u00ed vypije\u0161 \u0161tyri a viac drinkov (\u017eena) alebo p\u00e4\u0165 a viac drinkov (mu\u017e), riskuje\u0161 svoje zdravie.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd m\u00fdtus: Striedme pitie je v\u017edy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Pravda: Striedma konzum\u00e1cia alkoholu m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 ur\u010dit\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 benefity, no neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee pri \u0148om nehroz\u00ed \u017eiadne riziko. U niektor\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu rizik\u00e1 prev\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 mo\u017en\u00e9 benefity. Patria medzi nich \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa tehotn\u00ed alebo sa o tehotenstvo sna\u017eia, u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa lieky, ktor\u00e9 sa s alkoholom zle zn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa, pl\u00e1nuj\u00fa \u0161of\u00e9rova\u0165 alebo riadi\u0165 nejak\u00e9 stroje, maj\u00fa probl\u00e9my so srdcom, mali por\u00e1\u017eku, maj\u00fa ochorenie pe\u010dene alebo pankreasu, maj\u00fa poruchu u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu, z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od alkoholu alebo rodinn\u00fa anamn\u00e9zu alkoholizmu.<\/p>\n

Tret\u00ed m\u00fdtus: Z v\u00edna \u010di piva sa tak neopije\u0161 ako z destil\u00e1tov. Pravda: V\u0161etky typy alkoholu obsahuj\u00fa rovnak\u00fa akt\u00edvnu zlo\u017eku. V\u0161etky \u0161tandardn\u00e9 drinky obsahuj\u00fa rovnak\u00e9 mno\u017estvo alkoholu. \u0160tandardn\u00fd drink obsahuje 12 unc\u00ed piva (1 unca = 28,3 gramu) (5 percent alkoholu), 8 \u2013 9 unc\u00ed sladov\u00e9ho piva (7 percent alkoholu), 5 unc\u00ed v\u00edna (12 percent alkoholu), 1,5 unce destil\u00e1tov (40 percent alkoholu).<\/p>\n

\u0160tvrt\u00fd m\u00fdtus: Pitie nie je probl\u00e9m, k\u00fdm dok\u00e1\u017ee\u0161 udr\u017ea\u0165 poh\u00e1rik. Pravda: Pi\u0165 bez poci\u0165ovania \u00fa\u010dinkov alkoholu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 znakom toho, \u017ee sa u teba rozv\u00edja tolerancia na alkohol. \u010casom \u0165a m\u00f4\u017ee pravideln\u00e9 u\u017e\u00edvanie alkoholu vystavi\u0165 riziku rozvoja poruchy u\u017e\u00edvania alkoholu.<\/p>\n

Piaty m\u00fdtus: R\u00fdchlo vytriezvie\u0161, ke\u010f si d\u00e1\u0161 k\u00e1vu. Pravda: K\u00e1va obsahuje kofe\u00edn \u2013 stimulant, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee sa bude\u0161 c\u00edti\u0165 viac bdel\u00fd a \u201eprebuden\u00fd\u201c. No nepom\u00e1ha tvojmu telu spracova\u0165 alkohol r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie. Ak si pil, jedin\u00fd sp\u00f4sob ako vytriezvie\u0165, je dopria\u0165 svojmu telu \u010das, aby alkohol v tvojom tele rozlo\u017eil.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1verom<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u013dudia maj\u00fa dlh\u00fd a komplikovan\u00fd vz\u0165ah s alkoholom. \u010casto si prip\u00edjame na r\u00f4zne pr\u00edle\u017eitosti a mysl\u00edme si, \u017ee poh\u00e1r \u010derven\u00e9ho v\u00edna m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zdraviu prospe\u0161n\u00fd. No pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 pitie m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 negat\u00edvne zdravotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. Ak si tieto rizik\u00e1 uvedomuje\u0161, vo v\u0161eobecnosti je striedme pitie v poriadku.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj inform\u00e1cie a \u010dl\u00e1nku: https:\/\/www.zivotbezzavislosti.sk\/
\nViacej inform\u00e1ci\u00ed n\u00e1jdete tu: https:\/\/bit.ly\/3cVdtV7
\nFotografie s\u00fa ilustra\u010dn\u00e9
\nZdroj fotografi\u00ed: depositphotos
\nPrevzat\u00e9 z origin\u00e1lu:
\nhttps:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/facts-about-alcohol<\/p>\n

Pozrite si facebook, kde n\u00e1jdete mno\u017estvo u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o z\u00e1vislostiach \u2013 https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/zivotbezzavislosti\/<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alkohol m\u00e1 na telo \u010falekosiahle \u00fa\u010dinky. M\u00e1 \u00fadajne aj pozit\u00edvne \u00fa\u010dinky, ale m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dloveka privies\u0165 aj do pasce. Akon\u00e1hle sa dostane do tela, sp\u00f4sobuje okrem in\u00e9ho okam\u017eit\u00e9 fyziologick\u00e9 zmeny v mozgu, srdci a pe\u010deni. \u010casom m\u00f4\u017eu tieto zmeny vies\u0165 k dlhodob\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm komplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ak \u010dlovek pije viac ako by mal. Je ve\u013ea vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":86456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[684,683,823,821,822],"class_list":["post-86455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene","tag-alkohol","tag-drink","tag-opica","tag-opilec","tag-zavislost","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86455"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86490,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86455\/revisions\/86490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}