{"id":88284,"date":"2021-06-16T14:50:48","date_gmt":"2021-06-16T12:50:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/?p=88284"},"modified":"2021-06-16T14:50:48","modified_gmt":"2021-06-16T12:50:48","slug":"najvacsie-smart-utoky-na-smart-domacnosti-a-nie-prilis-smart-zariadenia-ktore-ich-umoznili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/2021\/06\/najvacsie-smart-utoky-na-smart-domacnosti-a-nie-prilis-smart-zariadenia-ktore-ich-umoznili\/","title":{"rendered":"Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie smart \u00fatoky na smart dom\u00e1cnosti a nie pr\u00edli\u0161 smart zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 ich umo\u017enili"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hackeri v oblasti chytr\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed s\u00fa neust\u00e1le odv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00ed a pref\u00edkanej\u0161\u00ed. Aby sme v\u00e1m pomohli zorientova\u0165 sa, sp\u00edsali sme pre v\u00e1s najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie \u00fatoky na smart dom\u00e1cnosti za ostatn\u00e9 roky.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f Adama a Heather Schreckov\u00fdch prebudil uprostred noci hlasn\u00fd zvuk vych\u00e1dzaj\u00faci z detskej izby, nebol to obvykl\u00fd pla\u010d ich desa\u0165mesa\u010dn\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a. Rodi\u010dia sa pon\u00e1h\u013eali do detskej izby a\u00a0k\u00a0ich zdeseniu zistili, \u017ee hluk je v skuto\u010dnosti hlas dospel\u00e9ho mu\u017ea, ktor\u00fd kri\u010d\u00ed „Prebu\u010f sa, die\u0165a!“ a \u017ee vych\u00e1dza z ich dom\u00e1cej kamery (tzv. video pest\u00fanky). To v\u0161ak nebolo v\u0161etko. Ke\u010f vo\u0161li do izby, kamera sa odvr\u00e1tila od die\u0165a\u0165a a pozrela sa priamo na rodi\u010dov. U kamery, ktor\u00e1 bola naprogramovan\u00e1 len na str\u00e1\u017eenie doj\u010da\u0165a, signalizovala t\u00e1to akcia, \u017ee sa do detskej pest\u00fanky niekto nab\u00faral a prevzal nad \u0148ou kontrolu<\/a> cez internet kontrolu.<\/p>\n

K tomuto \u0161okuj\u00facemu incidentu do\u0161lo e\u0161te v\u00a0roku 2014 a\u00a0bohu\u017eia\u013e bol to len prv\u00fd z\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch \u00fatokov na smart dom\u00e1cnosti<\/a>. M\u00e1me tu rok 2021 a hackeri smart dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed s\u00fa ove\u013ea odv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1kernej\u0161\u00ed. \u00a0Aby sme v\u00e1m pomohli urobi\u0165 si obr\u00e1zok, ak\u00fdm typom \u00fatokov smart dom\u00e1cnosti \u010delia, prin\u00e1\u0161ame v\u00e1m preh\u013ead t\u00fdch najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch, ktor\u00e9 sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch odohrali po celom svete. Ak n\u00e1hodou vlastn\u00edte niektor\u00e9 z uveden\u00fdch smart zariaden\u00ed, mali by ste zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 posilnenie ochrany dom\u00e1cej siete, po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fac routerom<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed a najrozsiahlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fanos v hist\u00f3rii<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u0161etci sme u\u017e po\u010duli o \u00fanosoch lietadiel, ale v okt\u00f3bri 2016 do\u0161lo k in\u00e9mu druhu \u00fanosu. Rozsiahly kybernetick\u00fd \u00fatok, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edval zranite\u013enosti v chytr\u00fdch videorekord\u00e9roch a kamer\u00e1ch, zrazil na kolen\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 internetu v Eur\u00f3pe a USA t\u00fdm, \u017ee stovky tis\u00edc zariaden\u00ed boli \u201eunesen\u00e9\u201c v r\u00e1mci \u00fatoku, ktor\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed experti ozna\u010dili ako Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) \u00fatok pomocou botnetu Mirai<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, hackeri sa zmocnili pripojen\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, ako s\u00fa smart videorekord\u00e9ry alebo kamery a\u00a0n\u00e1sledne ich vyu\u017eili na zahltenie serverov spolo\u010dnosti Dyn, ktor\u00e1 predt\u00fdm spravovala v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu infra\u0161trukt\u00fary syst\u00e9mu n\u00e1zvov dom\u00e9n (DNS) na internete. V\u00fdsledok? Webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky vr\u00e1tane Twitteru, The Guardian, Netflix, Reddit, CNN a nieko\u013ek\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch v Eur\u00f3pe i USA boli po v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu d\u0148a mimo prev\u00e1dzky.<\/p>\n

Niektor\u00ed hackeri chc\u00fa viac ne\u017e len \u00fadaje o va\u0161ich kreditn\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch a nev\u00e1haj\u00fa vyu\u017ei\u0165 va\u0161e dom\u00e1ce smart zariadenia k rozsiahlym \u00fatokom. Mnoh\u00ed sa domnievaj\u00fa, \u017ee \u00fatok botnetu Mirai bol najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm \u00fatokom DDoS svojho druhu a \u017ee je d\u00f4razn\u00fdm varovan\u00edm pre regula\u010dn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny a v\u00fdrobcov zariaden\u00ed, aby vyv\u00edjali silnej\u0161iu a komplexnej\u0161iu ochranu smart dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed IoT na \u00farovni siete.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Chytr\u00e9 k\u00farenie, ktor\u00e9 zamrzlo<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00ed \u00fatok DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service), ktor\u00fd sa v roku 2016 dostal do spr\u00e1v, sa t\u00fdkal dvoch bytov\u00fdch domov v Lappeenrante, meste s pribli\u017ene 60 000 obyvate\u013emi na v\u00fdchode F\u00ednska.<\/p>\n

Tentokr\u00e1t sa \u00fatok zameral na syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 v budov\u00e1ch riadili centr\u00e1lne vykurovanie a cirkul\u00e1ciu teplej vody. T\u00fdm, \u017ee hackeri don\u00fatili vykurovacie syst\u00e9my vst\u00fapi\u0165 do nekone\u010dnej slu\u010dky re\u0161tartov, \u00fa\u010dinne preru\u0161ili distrib\u00faciu centr\u00e1lneho vykurovania pre obyvate\u013eov a to v \u010dase ke\u010f sa teploty vo F\u00ednsku pohybovali pod bodom mrazu. Rovnak\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd bol vyvinut\u00fd na podporu automatiz\u00e1cie a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161enie efektivity a nepohodlia manu\u00e1lne udr\u017eiavan\u00e9ho vykurovania tak nechal obyvate\u013eov napospas osudu.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161\u0165astie po odpojen\u00ed dotknut\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov inteligentnej dom\u00e1cnosti<\/a> od internetu sa vykurovanie obnovilo v norm\u00e1lnom re\u017eime. \u0160pecialista na \u00fadr\u017ebu budov Sami Orasaari situ\u00e1ciu okomentoval a pod\u013ea neho skuto\u010dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edva v pr\u00edstupe \u013eud\u00ed k zabezpe\u010deniu smart zariaden\u00ed<\/a>, preto\u017ee mnoho z bytov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed alebo s\u00fakromn\u00fdch vlastn\u00edkov nechce investova\u0165 do sie\u0165ov\u00fdch firewallov a zabezpe\u010denie b\u00fdva v\u0161eobecne ve\u013emi slab\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Nie je to v\u0161ak len smart \u00fastredn\u00e9 k\u00farenie, ktor\u00e9 je n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na \u00fatoky. Obe\u0165ou hackerov sa stali aj smart termostaty renomovan\u00fdch zna\u010diek<\/a>. Internetov\u00ed z\u00e1\u0161kodn\u00edci tak m\u00f4\u017eu prevzia\u0165 kontrolu nad va\u0161\u00edm termostatom a\u00a0napr. zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 teplotu po\u010das va\u0161ej nepr\u00edtomnosti, o\u00a0\u010dom sa dozviete ke\u010f v\u00e1m pr\u00edde \u0161okuj\u00faci \u00fa\u010det za elektrinu alebo plyn.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hazard s internetom vec\u00ed, ktor\u00fd sa nevyplatil<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoci tento \u00fatok technicky neovplyvnil smart dom\u00e1cnos\u0165, tento typ \u00fatoku by mohol \u013eahko ovplyvni\u0165 milovn\u00edkov akv\u00e1ri\u00ed v ich vlastnom dome. V roku 2018 bolo jedno kas\u00edno napadnut\u00e9 prostredn\u00edctvom smart teplomeru<\/a> v akv\u00e1riu vo vstupnej hale.<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea Nicole Eaganovej, CEO kyberbezpe\u010dnostnej spolo\u010dnosti Darktrace, hackeri pou\u017eili teplomer pripojen\u00fd k internetu, aby sa dostali do siete, \u201ena\u0161li datab\u00e1zu v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010dov a potom ju preniesli sp\u00e4\u0165 cez sie\u0165 von op\u00e4\u0165 z termostatu do cloudu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Predstavte si, \u017ee by sa to stalo s va\u0161ou kreditnou kartou a osobn\u00fdmi identifika\u010dn\u00fdmi \u00fadajmi. Odrazu by nad\u0161enie z toho, \u017ee m\u00e1te inteligentn\u00fd domov nebolo tak ve\u013ek\u00e9. Na\u0161\u0165astie existuje cel\u00fd rad sp\u00f4sobov, ako m\u00f4\u017eeme posilni\u0165 zabezpe\u010denie chytr\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed proti hackerom.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Hacky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu ovplyvni\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot aj mimo smart home<\/strong><\/p>\n

Inteligentn\u00e9 aut\u00e1 technicky nespadaj\u00fa do \u00fatulnej sf\u00e9ry dom\u00e1cich smart spotrebi\u010dov, ale napriek tomu si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee st\u00e1le viac v\u00fdrobcov automobilov, ako je napr\u00edklad Tesla alebo Ford, roz\u0161iruje ponuku inteligentn\u00fdch vozidiel, stoj\u00ed za to spomen\u00fa\u0165 aj tento pr\u00edpad z h\u013eadiska smart a prepojenej dom\u00e1cnosti.<\/p>\n

V roku 2015 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed v\u00fdskumn\u00edci demon\u0161trovali, ak\u00e9 \u013eahk\u00e9 je nab\u00fara\u0165 sa do vozu Jeep Cherokee<\/a> a prevzia\u0165 kontrolu nad v\u0161etk\u00fdm – od klimatiz\u00e1cie a\u017e po stiera\u010de. Testovac\u00ed vodi\u010d si v\u0161imol, \u017ee hoci sa nedotkol pr\u00edstrojovej dosky, ventila\u010dn\u00e9 prieduchy v Jeepu Cherokee za\u010dali p\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 studen\u00fd vzduch na maximum a rovnako sa na maximum spustilo aj chladenie v sedadle vodi\u010da. \u010ealej sa preplo r\u00e1dio na miestnu hiphopov\u00fa stanicu hraj\u00face na maxim\u00e1lnu hlasitos\u0165 a\u00a0nereagovalo na vodi\u010dove pokusy o\u00a0jeho vypnutie.<\/p>\n

K\u00fdm sa testovac\u00ed vodi\u010d venoval t\u00fdmto probl\u00e9mom, zapli sa stiera\u010de a ostrekovanie, ktor\u00e9 zhor\u0161ilo v\u00fdh\u013ead z auta. Hoci nedo\u0161lo k z\u00e1sahu do volantu a b\u0155zd, in\u00e9 poruchy by vysta\u010dili na to, aby do\u0161lo k nehode. Smart hackerovi v skuto\u010dnosti sta\u010d\u00ed, aby vodi\u010da rozpt\u00fdlil drobnos\u0165ami, ako je zhor\u0161enie v\u00fdh\u013eadu alebo s\u0165ahovanie okien proti vodi\u010dovej v\u00f4li. K\u00fdm je vozidlo pripojen\u00e9 k internetu, napr\u00edklad ke\u010f sa nab\u00edja v gar\u00e1\u017ei, st\u00e1va sa potenci\u00e1lnou vstupnou br\u00e1nou pre hackerov, ktor\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu prenikn\u00fa\u0165 dovn\u00fatra a zmeni\u0165 radostn\u00fa jazdu na no\u010dn\u00fa moru.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1ver<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je \u013eahk\u00e9 m\u00e1vnu\u0165 rukou nad niektor\u00fdm z t\u00fdchto \u00fatokov na inteligentn\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti a internet vec\u00ed, alebo tvrdi\u0165, \u017ee n\u00e1m sa to nestane. \u00daprimne, nehovor\u00edme si to v\u0161etci? Sn\u00edvame o smart prepojenom \u017eivotnom \u0161t\u00fdle, ktor\u00fd n\u00e1m u\u013eah\u010d\u00ed \u017eivot. Bohu\u017eia\u013e sk\u00fasenosti ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee hackeri smart dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a internetu vec\u00ed s\u00fa sofistikovanej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kedyko\u013evek predt\u00fdm a s\u00fa ochotn\u00ed sk\u00fama\u0165 va\u0161e smart zariadenia len preto, aby odhalili aj tie ich najmen\u0161ie slabiny.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f chcete do svojej dom\u00e1cnosti prida\u0165 a nastavi\u0165 smart zariadenia, m\u00f4\u017eete myslie\u0165 na nieko\u013eko jednoduch\u00fdch vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 minimalizuj\u00fa pravdepodobnos\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie spomenut\u00fdch scen\u00e1rov. Napr\u00edklad pri v\u00fdbere kamier pre monitorovanie dom\u00e1cnosti alebo opatrovateliek vo\u013ete \u010disto cloudov\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, ako je napr\u00edklad mydlink<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tieto poskytuj\u00fa end-to-end \u0161ifrovanie prostredn\u00edctvom cloudu, ktor\u00e9 eliminuje riziko hacknutia kamier a pr\u00edstupu priamo cez internet. Tak\u00e9to rie\u0161enie m\u00f4\u017ee pon\u00faknu\u0165 aj kompletn\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m smart dom\u00e1cnosti, ktor\u00fd v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed sledova\u0165 v\u00e1\u0161 domov a tie\u017e prid\u00e1va\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie senzory a chytr\u00e9 z\u00e1suvky na zap\u00ednanie a vyp\u00ednanie spotrebi\u010dov.<\/p>\n

V\u017edy sa tie\u017e oplat\u00ed aktualizova\u0165 hesl\u00e1 a firmv\u00e9r, aby ste priebe\u017ene obnovovali ochranu zariadenia. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 si v\u017edy zme\u0148te v\u0161etky predvolen\u00e9 hesl\u00e1 zariaden\u00ed a slu\u017eieb. Star\u0161ie zariadenia maj\u00fa \u010dasto defaultn\u00fd k\u00f3d (heslo) nastaven\u00fd v\u00fdrobcom a\u00a0ten b\u00fdva nezriedka rovnak\u00fd naprie\u010d viacer\u00fdmi produktmi. Ak nie je zmenen\u00fd, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zariadenie ve\u013emi n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k \u00fatokom.\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm faktorom je tie\u017e zozn\u00e1menie sa s bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdmi ovl\u00e1dac\u00edmi prvkami routera a jeho konfigur\u00e1cia pre regul\u00e1ciu vystavenia internetu. Napr\u00edklad oby\u010dajn\u00e9 zak\u00e1zanie vzdialen\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu na smerova\u010di m\u00f4\u017ee zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 mo\u017enosti, \u017ee by nad n\u00edm hacker prevzal kontrolu. Samozrejme sa uistite, \u017ee m\u00e1te aj zodpovedaj\u00facu antiv\u00edrov\u00fa a antimalwarov\u00fa ochranu na v\u0161etk\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch (pr\u00edp. mobiloch) v dom\u00e1cnosti, preto\u017ee aj tie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pre hackera cestou, ako sa dosta\u0165 k va\u0161im dom\u00e1cim smart zariadeniam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hackeri v oblasti chytr\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed s\u00fa neust\u00e1le odv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00ed a pref\u00edkanej\u0161\u00ed. Aby sme v\u00e1m pomohli zorientova\u0165 sa, sp\u00edsali sme pre v\u00e1s najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie \u00fatoky na smart dom\u00e1cnosti za ostatn\u00e9 roky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":88285,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,42,43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nas-tip","category-tech","category-technologie","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88284"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88286,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88284\/revisions\/88286"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}