{"id":88468,"date":"2021-07-08T21:10:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-08T19:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/?p=88468"},"modified":"2021-07-08T21:10:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-08T19:10:00","slug":"dark-tourism-co-je-temna-turistika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/2021\/07\/dark-tourism-co-je-temna-turistika\/","title":{"rendered":"Dark tourism: \u010co je temn\u00e1 turistika ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mysteri\u00f3zne miesta, dejisko pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch, vojnov\u00fdch aj in\u00fdch \u013eudsk\u00fdch katastrof alebo smr\u0165 fascinuj\u00faca \u013eud\u00ed od nepam\u00e4ti.
\nVe\u010f aj v spravodajstve sa te\u0161\u00ed najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej sledovanosti udalosti spojen\u00e9 s utrpen\u00edm. Niet preto divu, \u017ee sa pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rokmi objavil nov\u00fd fenom\u00e9n – Dark tourism (slovensky temn\u00e1 turistika).<\/p>\n

Samozrejme, \u017ee miesta ako Osvien\u010dim alebo Pompeje, nav\u0161tevovali \u013eudia e\u0161te v \u010dase ne\u017e sa v\u00f4bec tento pojem objavil. Len\u017ee pojem temn\u00e1 turistika vystihuje sk\u00f4r systematick\u00e9 vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie a nav\u0161tevovanie temn\u00fdch miest, spojen\u00fdch s ne\u0161\u0165astiami a umieran\u00edm.<\/p>\n

\u010co je Dark tourism?<\/strong>
\nSlovo Dark tourism (slovensky Temn\u00e1 turistika) je pojem relat\u00edvne nov\u00fd. V polovici 90. rokov s n\u00edm pri\u0161li profesori Malcolm Foley a John Lennon. Samotn\u00fd fenom\u00e9n n\u00e1v\u0161tev miest spojen\u00fdch sa s smr\u0165ou a utrpen\u00edm fascinuje \u013eud\u00ed ove\u013ea dlh\u0161iu dobu.<\/p>\n

U\u017e v roku 1884 za\u010dali bohat\u00ed obyvatelia Lond\u00fdna prev\u00e1dzkova\u0165 tzv. Slumming, teda nav\u0161tevovanie extr\u00e9mne chudobn\u00fdch miest a pozorovanie tunaj\u0161ieho sp\u00f4sobu \u017eivota. Ako spali, jedli, varili a vyu\u017e\u00edvali upraven\u00e9 kuchyne na mieru<\/strong><\/span><\/a> dan\u00e9ho obydlia, ak\u00e9 mali v obydliach zariadenia. To v\u0161ak e\u0161te nebol skuto\u010dn\u00fd Dark tourism. Skuto\u010dnou temnou turistikou sa daj\u00fa nazva\u0165 a\u017e v\u00fdpravy do belgick\u00e9ho mesta Ypres po skon\u010den\u00ed 1. svetovej vojny, kde sa odohral historicky prv\u00fd \u00fatok chemick\u00fdmi zbra\u0148ami.<\/p>\n

A \u010do Dark tourism nie je?<\/strong>
\nPreto\u017ee\u00a0 podmienkou zaradenia medzi temn\u00e1 miesta je utrpenie a smr\u0165, nem\u00f4\u017eeme z logiky veci do nich po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 tak\u00e9, kde k tragickej udalosti nedo\u0161lo. Z pravidl\u00e1 s\u00fa to opusten\u00e9 budovy alebo miesta. Tak\u00fd Spreepark v Berl\u00edne v mnohom pripom\u00edna opusten\u00fd park v Pripjati. Len\u017ee na rozdiel od ukrajinskej verzie sa v berl\u00ednskom parku nestala \u017eiadna katastrofa.<\/p>\n

Kontroverzia temn\u00e9 turistiky<\/strong>
\nVo svojej podstate nie je na n\u00e1v\u0161teve t\u00fdchto miest ni\u010d neetick\u00e9ho. Naopak tak\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161teva v\u00e4zenia, mu\u010diarne a popraviska Tuol Sleng m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dloveku pom\u00f4c\u0165 pochopi\u0165 o\u0161klivosti a rozmer zlo\u010dinu, ktor\u00fd \u010cerven\u00ed Khm\u00e9ri nap\u00e1chali. Ak \u010dlovek k miestu pristupuje s pokorou a prim\u00e1rnym z\u00e1ujmom o pochopenie s\u00favislost\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 n\u00e1v\u0161teva dokonca \u017eiaduca.<\/p>\n

Problematick\u00e1 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou teda neb\u00fdva samotn\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161teva, ako sk\u00f4r z\u00e1mer spojen\u00fd s nevhodn\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm. Ak sa napr\u00edklad do Osvien\u010dimu vyd\u00e1 turista, ktor\u00e9ho prim\u00e1rnym cie\u013eom je obstaranie \u010fal\u0161\u00edch vysmiatych selfie a chov\u00e1 sa tu ako na p\u00fati, je tak\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161teva ve\u013emi kontroverzn\u00e1. T\u00fdmto \u013eu\u010fom \u010dastokr\u00e1t nedoch\u00e1dza to najpodstatnej\u0161ie – n\u00e1v\u0161teva je o pr\u00edbehoch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed na temn\u00fdch miestach trpeli, nie o turistoch samotn\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Podobne problematick\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 napr\u00edklad nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 prenikanie tzv. Stalkerov do uzavretej z\u00f3ny v \u010cernobyle, ktor\u00ed tunaj\u0161ie unik\u00e1tne miesto \u010dasto ni\u010dia. Nehovoriac o nebezpe\u010denstve r\u00e1dioaktivity a jej mo\u017en\u00e9ho rozn\u00e1\u0161anie.<\/p>\n

Pre f\u00e9rovos\u0165 je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 doda\u0165, \u017ee to nie s\u00fa len nedisciplinovan\u00ed turisti, ale aj marketing, ktor\u00fd z t\u00fdchto miest vytv\u00e1ra komer\u010dn\u00fd Disneyland. \u00cds\u0165 si zastrie\u013ea\u0165 z AK-47 v tuneloch Cu Chi alebo st\u00e1nky so suven\u00edrmi pred checkpointom do \u010dernoby\u013eskej z\u00f3ny, s\u00fa pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru u\u017e za hranou.<\/p>\n

Temn\u00e1 turistika zo svojej podstaty balansuje na hrane a existuje len tenk\u00e1 linka medzi etick\u00fdm a neetick\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm. V\u017edy rozhoduje z\u00e1mer, s ak\u00fdm na miesto prich\u00e1dzate. Zauj\u00edma v\u00e1s t\u00e9ma do h\u013abky alebo si chcete urobi\u0165 z\u00e1pis do denn\u00ed\u010dka: „Bol som tu“?<\/p>\n

Pozit\u00edvnym dopadom temnej turistiky je, \u017ee v\u010faka nej nebud\u00fa tieto miesta nikdy zabudnut\u00e9. \u00daplne najlep\u0161ie by v\u0161ak bolo, keby \u017eiadna podobne temn\u00e9 miesta u\u017e \u010falej nevznikali.<\/p>\n

Zdroj: https:\/\/www.pasapusu.cz\/<\/p>\n

Viac inform\u00e1ci\u00ed na: https:\/\/bit.ly\/2VcUi42<\/p>\n

Foto: Depositphotos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mysteri\u00f3zne miesta, dejisko pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch, vojnov\u00fdch aj in\u00fdch \u013eudsk\u00fdch katastrof alebo smr\u0165 fascinuj\u00faca \u013eud\u00ed od nepam\u00e4ti. Ve\u010f aj v spravodajstve sa te\u0161\u00ed najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej sledovanosti udalosti spojen\u00e9 s utrpen\u00edm. Niet preto divu, \u017ee sa pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rokmi objavil nov\u00fd fenom\u00e9n – Dark tourism (slovensky temn\u00e1 turistika). Samozrejme, \u017ee miesta ako Osvien\u010dim alebo Pompeje, nav\u0161tevovali \u013eudia e\u0161te v […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":88469,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,52,50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-real-estate","category-outdoor","category-radim-vam","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88468"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88468\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88482,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88468\/revisions\/88482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88469"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}