{"id":89428,"date":"2021-12-07T14:26:08","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T12:26:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/?p=89428"},"modified":"2021-12-07T16:26:28","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T14:26:28","slug":"hagia-sofia-vstupne-sa-neplati-ale-nezabudnite-na-topanky-tie-si-treba-vyzut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/2021\/12\/hagia-sofia-vstupne-sa-neplati-ale-nezabudnite-na-topanky-tie-si-treba-vyzut\/","title":{"rendered":"Hagia Sofia: Vstupn\u00e9 sa neplat\u00ed, ale nezabudnite na top\u00e1nky &#8211; tie si treba vyzu\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Chyst\u00e1te sa na dovolenku v Turecku? Zv\u00e1\u017ete, \u010di sa cel\u00e9 dni v\u00e1\u013ea\u0165 na pl\u00e1\u017ei, alebo \u010di tie\u017e nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 historick\u00e9 skvosty tejto krajiny. Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm m\u00e1me na mysli chr\u00e1m Hagia Sofia, jeden z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch pokladov svetovej architekt\u00fary. Navy\u0161e, ke\u010f si teraz pren\u00e1dhern\u00fd interi\u00e9r m\u00f4\u017eete prezrie\u0165 bezplatne. Svoje obmedzenia to v\u0161ak m\u00e1 \u2013 z chr\u00e1mu je od vla\u0148aj\u0161ka verejn\u00e1 me\u0161ita.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010co je Hagia Sofia: Popis najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161ej byzantskej stavby<\/strong><br \/>\nHagia Sofia (v\u00fdslovnos\u0165 pod\u013ea stredovekej gr\u00e9\u010dtiny \u201ehaija sofia\u201d alebo turecky \u201eajasofia\u201d) je jeden z najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161\u00edch chr\u00e1mov sveta. V preklade n\u00e1zvu sa jej tie\u017e hovor\u00ed Chr\u00e1m Bo\u017eej m\u00fadrosti. Poch\u00e1dza zo 6. storo\u010dia a a\u017e do 16. storo\u010dia bola najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou katedr\u00e1lou aj uzavret\u00fdm priestorom na svete. Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 budova m\u00e1 p\u00f4dorys s rozmermi 80 x 71 metrov a okolo nej s\u00fa navy\u0161e e\u0161te pristavan\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie \u010dasti stavby.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-89430\" src=\"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/istanbul-g14c3af725_1920-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Budova u\u017e od poh\u013eadu nesie prvky kult\u00fary spojen\u00e9 s islamom, napr\u00edklad minarety. P\u00f4vodne ide v\u0161ak o dielo byzantskej architekt\u00fary. Tieto dva \u0161t\u00fdly si v mnohom odporuj\u00fa. Pravosl\u00e1vne chr\u00e1my s\u00fa napr\u00edklad bohato zdoben\u00e9 ikonami vr\u00e1tane obrazov Krista. Islam nielen zakazuje ma\u013eova\u0165 Alaha \u010di proroka Mohameda, ale aj v n\u00e1bo\u017eenskom umen\u00ed v\u00f4bec nepracuje s \u013eudsk\u00fdmi portr\u00e9tmi. Mozaiky sv\u00e4t\u00fdch moslimovia v dobe svojho vplyvu na\u0161\u0165astie iba zakryli.<\/p>\n<p>Nie nadarmo zaujala Hagia Sofia UNESCO (ako aj in\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie). Na zoznam dedi\u010dstva UNESCO chr\u00e1m pr\u00e1vom patr\u00ed, a to nielen pre svoju ve\u013ekos\u0165 a zov\u0148aj\u0161ok, ale aj v\u010faka neuverite\u013ene vyzdoben\u00e9mu vn\u00fatraj\u0161ku, ktor\u00e9mu mus\u00edme v \u010dl\u00e1nku venova\u0165 cel\u00fd zvl\u00e1\u0161tny oddiel. Chr\u00e1m stopercentne patr\u00ed k miestam v Turecku, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00edte vidie\u0165.<br \/>\nPre\u010do nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 Hagia Sofiu? Interi\u00e9r v\u00e1s omr\u00e1\u010di!<br \/>\nPri chr\u00e1me Hagia Sofia zauj\u00edmavosti n\u00e1jdeme v architekt\u00fare aj v hist\u00f3rii. Za\u010dnime teda t\u00fdm, \u010do m\u00f4\u017eeme vidie\u0165 na vlastn\u00e9 o\u010di. Po zhliadnut\u00ed majest\u00e1tnej me\u0161ito-katedr\u00e1ly, pozd\u013a\u017e ktorej \u010dlovek prejde cca 200 metrov (!), sa pres\u00favame dovn\u00fatra. A tam sa e\u0161te len skr\u00fdva t\u00e1 prav\u00e1 m\u00e1gia d\u00e1vneho umenia.<\/p>\n<p>Jednou z vonkaj\u0161\u00edch domin\u00e1nt je ve\u013ek\u00e1 kupola, pod ktorou sa rozklad\u00e1 nemenej obdivuhodn\u00e1 s\u00e1la. Hore v hlavnom d\u00f3me, aj vo ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch, uvid\u00edte bohat\u00fa v\u00fdzdobu stien spolu s po\u010detn\u00fdmi okienkami, kadia\u013e vnik\u00e1 svetlo. Vn\u00fatri je obrovsk\u00fd priestor, preto\u017ee nosn\u00e9 st\u013apy stav\u00e1ri m\u00fadro ukryli. Klenba teda vyzer\u00e1, akoby sa vzn\u00e1\u0161ala! a aj ke\u010f v obdob\u00ed v\u00fdstavby <a href=\"https:\/\/www.delta-group.sk\/delta-experti-na-stavby\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>stavebn\u00fd dozor<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, tak ako ho pozn\u00e1me dnes, neexistoval &#8211; stavitelia maxim\u00e1lne dodr\u017eiavali v\u0161etky overen\u00e9 postupy<\/p>\n<p>Podlaha je mramorov\u00e1, poch\u00e1dza z rovnakej doby ako chr\u00e1m samotn\u00fd a mnoh\u00ed autori historick\u00fdch prame\u0148ov ju prirovn\u00e1vaj\u00fa k rozb\u00faren\u00e9mu moru alebo k rieke.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-89365\" src=\"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3058-01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"319\" height=\"106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3058-01.jpg 849w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3058-01-300x100.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3058-01-768x255.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/3058-01-600x199.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QuBXpZ90cVE\" width=\"1180\" height=\"664\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Diabol tkvie v detailoch: Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 drobnosti v Hagia Sofii<\/strong><br \/>\nCentr\u00e1lna \u010das\u0165 horn\u00e9ho poschodia sl\u00fa\u017eila cis\u00e1rovnej a jej dru\u017eine. Na ochodze sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa niektor\u00e9 z najcennej\u0161\u00edch moza\u00edk v\u00f4bec. Tie\u017e tu pred stovkami rokov niektor\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edci zanechali graffiti. Inu, \u013eudstvo je o\u010dividne st\u00e1le rovnak\u00e9. Ide o dva vikinsk\u00e9 runov\u00e9 n\u00e1pisy. Nie s\u00fa \u00faplne \u010ditate\u013en\u00e9, ale najsk\u00f4r znamenaj\u00fa nie\u010do ako \u201eHalfdan tu bol\u201c a \u201e\u00c1rni\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>V chr\u00e1me je tie\u017e z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd st\u013ap, ktor\u00fd pod\u013ea \u013eudov\u00fdch b\u00e1choriek lie\u010di neduhy. Nach\u00e1dza sa v severov\u00fdchodnej \u010dasti a od 13. storo\u010dia je neust\u00e1le vlhk\u00fd. Preto sa mu hovor\u00ed \u201epotiaci sa\u201d alebo \u201epla\u010d\u00faci\u201d st\u013ap.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdznamnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou budovy je napr\u00edklad Cis\u00e1rska br\u00e1na. Tou mohol chodi\u0165 iba cis\u00e1r. Obl\u00fak nad \u0148ou zdob\u00ed mozaika Krista s cis\u00e1rom Levom VI. Zmienku venujeme aj Mramorov\u00fdm dver\u00e1m, ktor\u00fdch polovice vraj maj\u00fa symbolizova\u0165 nebo a peklo.<\/p>\n<p>Hagia Sofia, ako sme u\u017e spomenuli, je pln\u00e1 moza\u00edk. K najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm patr\u00ed napr\u00edklad mozaika cis\u00e1rovnej Zoe, mozaika madony nad apsidou na v\u00fdchodnom konci, mozaika cis\u00e1ra Alexandra a \u010fal\u0161ie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ak\u00fa m\u00e1 Hagia Sofia hist\u00f3riu?<\/strong><br \/>\nAj pred postaven\u00edm chr\u00e1mu Hagia Sofia Konstantinopol patrila medzi najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie body na mape Eur\u00f3py. Na mieste najsk\u00f4r st\u00e1lo starogr\u00e9cke mesto Byzantion. Kon\u0161tant\u00ednopol tu vznikla v roku 324. Nov\u00e9 mesto bolo hotov\u00e9 v roku 330.<\/p>\n<p>Chr\u00e1m Hagia Sofia bol vybudovan\u00fd na mieste, kde sa predt\u00fdm vystriedali dva star\u0161ie kostoly. Cis\u00e1r Justini\u00e1n si skr\u00e1tka povedal, \u017ee je \u010das na nie\u010do v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie. Najal architektov Anth\u00e9mia z Trallu a Isidora z Milletu, ktor\u00ed pri\u0161li s najodv\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edm pl\u00e1nom svojej doby. Chr\u00e1m cis\u00e1r a kon\u0161tant\u00ednopolsk\u00fd patriarcha inaugurovali v roku 537. V p\u00e4\u0165desiatych rokoch onoho storo\u010dia pri\u0161li zemetrasenia, ktor\u00e9 zhodili klenbu. Isidorov synovec ju potom prebudoval tak, \u017ee u\u017e vydr\u017eala dodnes.<\/p>\n<p>Hagia Sofia Istanbul zdob\u00ed aj dnes. Oko prich\u00e1dzaj\u00faceho v\u0161ak up\u00fataj\u00fa minarety, ktor\u00e9 s byzantskou kult\u00farou s\u00favisia len pram\u00e1lo. Prestavba na me\u0161itu za\u010dala v roku 1453, ke\u010f mesto dobyli Turci. Ofici\u00e1lne sa chr\u00e1m stal me\u0161itou, ke\u010f nad \u0148ou sult\u00e1n predniesol piatkov\u00fa modlitbu. Minarety pribudli na konci storo\u010dia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chyst\u00e1te sa na dovolenku v Turecku? Zv\u00e1\u017ete, \u010di sa cel\u00e9 dni v\u00e1\u013ea\u0165 na pl\u00e1\u017ei, alebo \u010di tie\u017e nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 historick\u00e9 skvosty tejto krajiny. Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm m\u00e1me na mysli chr\u00e1m Hagia Sofia, jeden z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch pokladov svetovej architekt\u00fary. Navy\u0161e, ke\u010f si teraz pren\u00e1dhern\u00fd interi\u00e9r m\u00f4\u017eete prezrie\u0165 bezplatne. Svoje obmedzenia to v\u0161ak m\u00e1 \u2013 z chr\u00e1mu je od vla\u0148aj\u0161ka [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":89429,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58,52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architektura","category-outdoor","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89428"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89431,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89428\/revisions\/89431"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}