{"id":90020,"date":"2022-04-07T16:51:27","date_gmt":"2022-04-07T14:51:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/?p=90020"},"modified":"2022-04-07T16:51:27","modified_gmt":"2022-04-07T14:51:27","slug":"praveki-ludia-lovili-mamutov-pomocou-silnych-jedov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/2022\/04\/praveki-ludia-lovili-mamutov-pomocou-silnych-jedov\/","title":{"rendered":"Pravek\u00ed \u013eudia lovili mamutov pomocou siln\u00fdch jedov"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u017de nemali lovci mamutov \u013eahk\u00e9 obstaranie, je v\u0161etk\u00fdm jasn\u00e9. Vedci v\u0161ak objavili, \u017ee si \u013eudia pom\u00e1hali e\u0161te aj inak ako len svalami, mr\u0161tnos\u0165ou a nov\u00fdmi zbra\u0148ami. Lovci mamutov boli vyzbrojen\u00ed aj jedmi, a to naprie\u010d kontinentmi a u\u017e v paleolite. Nielen zbrane, ale pr\u00e1ve aj jedy, zaistili \u013eu\u010fom pre\u017eitie.<\/p>\n

Pravek\u00ed lovci mamutov vyn\u00e1lezcovia<\/strong>
\nTak ako u\u017e je to so v\u0161etk\u00fdm, \u010dlovek vym\u00fd\u0161\u013eal inov\u00e1cie aj v \u010dase, ke\u010f \u010delil mamutom, osrsten\u00fdm nosoro\u017ecom, \u0161ab\u013eozub\u00fdm tigrom \u010di medve\u010fom. Modernizoval nielen postupy, ale hlavne n\u00e1stroje. Tie n\u00e1s dostali a\u017e do s\u00fa\u010dasnosti a rovnak\u00fd tlak a t\u00fa\u017eba po novom, lep\u0161om n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eenie \u010falej do bud\u00facnosti.
\nAj pravek\u00ed \u013eudia \u010delili nevyhnutn\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoju a ten im prin\u00e1\u0161al v boji s \u0161elmami a megafaunou nielen potravu. Pribli\u017eoval tie\u017e pokrok celej spolo\u010dnosti.
\nObstar\u00e1vaniu potravy, respekt\u00edve m\u00e4sa sa mohli za\u010da\u0165 venova\u0165 v podstatne v\u0161etci, nielen t\u00ed najschopnej\u0161\u00ed, najr\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed a najmr\u0161tnej\u0161\u00ed borci, ktor\u00ed dok\u00e1zali zasadi\u0165 zviera\u0165u len nieko\u013eko bodn\u00fdch r\u00e1n o\u0161tepom na to, aby ho skolili. Tak\u00fdch extr\u00e9mne fyzicky nadan\u00fdch bolo v\u017edy po m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Vrha\u010de o\u0161tepov urobili lovcov zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch<\/strong>
\nV\u00fdvoj lovu na\u0161i predkovia upreli na boj na dia\u013eku. \u010c\u00edm \u010falej od zviera\u0165a, t\u00fdm v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia \u0161anca na pre\u017eitie lovca. Tie\u017e bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 zapoji\u0165 do lovu viacer\u00fdch \u010dlenov klanu. Obratnos\u0165, mr\u0161tnos\u0165 a prec\u00edzny z\u00e1sah u\u017e neboli nutn\u00e9. S vyn\u00e1lezom paleolitick\u00e9ho vrha\u010da o\u0161tepov pri\u0161la v\u00edtan\u00e1 zmena. Vrha\u010d o\u0161tepov, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd tie\u017e atlatl, zaistil silu vrhan\u00e9mu o\u0161tepu. \u013dudia mohli za\u010da\u0165 \u00fato\u010di\u0165 na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu vzdialenos\u0165, a to aj na 40 m. Lovci sa v\u0161ak museli vysporiada\u0165 so z\u00e1sadn\u00fdm nedostatkom skvel\u00e9ho vrha\u010da o\u0161tepov. Na ve\u013ek\u00fa vzdialenos\u0165 neboli schopn\u00ed zasiahnu\u0165 zviera dostato\u010dne presne. Zviera\u0165u potom mohlo trva\u0165 aj nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn, k\u00fdm kone\u010dne padlo. \u013dudia ho bu\u010f stratili z doh\u013eadu, alebo ho museli prenasledova\u0165 aj kilometre \u010faleko.
\nVrha\u010d o\u0161tepov patril medzi najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie po\u013eovn\u00edcke potreby<\/strong><\/span><\/a> pravek\u00fdch lovcov.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fdbaj\u00face \u010driepok v hist\u00f3rii lovu mamutov a megafauny<\/strong>
\nArcheol\u00f3govia a vedci sa preto za\u010dali zaobera\u0165 my\u0161lienkou, kde ich b\u00e1danie a \u00favahy o sp\u00f4sobe lovu pokrivk\u00e1vaj\u00fa. Bolo viac ne\u017e jasn\u00e9, \u017ee k\u00fasok sklada\u010dky ch\u00fdba. S elegantn\u00fdm vysvetlen\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 sa opiera o znalosti primit\u00edvnych kult\u00far, pri\u0161la doktorka Valentina Borgia z McDonaldovho in\u0161tit\u00fatu, ktor\u00fd je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou univerzity v Cambridge.
\nLov v ned\u00e1vnej hist\u00f3rii \u010di dokonca s\u00fa\u010dasnosti mal jednu spolo\u010dn\u00fa t\u00e9mu. Primit\u00edvne n\u00e1rody pou\u017e\u00edvali na usmrtenie koristi siln\u00e9 jedy.
\nNielen sl\u00e1vny jed kurare, ale aj \u010fal\u0161ie jedy boli pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u00f4vodn\u00fdmi kme\u0148mi po celom svete. Aj vrha\u010de o\u0161tepov s\u00fa niektor\u00fdm t\u00fdmto kme\u0148om dobre zn\u00e1me.<\/p>\n

Lov mamutov s pou\u017eit\u00edm jedu<\/strong>
\nAj ke\u010f bol cie\u013e dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00fd, aby sa lovec trafil, prieraznos\u0165 vrhan\u00e9ho o\u0161tepu nebola tak\u00e1, aby zabila zviera okam\u017eite. Na rad preto pri\u0161la novinka v podobe otr\u00e1ven\u00fdch hrotov. Zbera\u010di znal\u00ed nielen potravy, ale aj lie\u010diviek \u010di jedovat\u00fdch rastl\u00edn, tak posl\u00fa\u017eili svojimi znalos\u0165ami lovcom. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165 tak vyu\u017eila znalosti a umu v\u0161etk\u00fdch na ob\u017eivu a pre\u017eitie cel\u00e9ho kme\u0148a \u010di klanu. Otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 o\u0161tepy nemuseli zviera na mieste zabi\u0165. Sta\u010dilo, aby ho \u0161krabli.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zbra\u0148 lovcov mamutov pod lupou<\/strong>
\nDr. Borgia sa za\u010dala touto my\u0161lienkou zaobera\u0165 u\u017e pred rokom 2014 a kone\u010dne sa dostala aj k fyzick\u00e9mu sk\u00famaniu zbran\u00ed paleolitu. Spojila sily s expertkou na forenzn\u00fa ch\u00e9miu Michelle Carlinov\u00fa, aby zistili, \u017ee pozbiera\u0165 dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00e9 mno\u017estvo vzoriek na porovnanie a sk\u00famanie nebude jednoduch\u00e9. Nielen preto, \u017ee ide o n\u00e1lezy nesmiernej hodnoty, ale aj v\u010faka zaobch\u00e1dzaniu archeol\u00f3gov. T\u00ed ich obvykle nielen opra\u0161uj\u00fa a mechanicky o\u010dis\u0165uj\u00fa, ale tie\u017e ich om\u00fdvaj\u00fa a m\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa v konzervantoch, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 ich zachovalos\u0165. Toto zaobch\u00e1dzanie vyhovuje archeol\u00f3gom, ale forenznej vede u\u017e menej. Napriek tomu sa dvojici zap\u00e1len\u00fdch vedk\u00fd\u0148 podarilo nazhroma\u017edi\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo exempl\u00e1rov, ktor\u00fdch sk\u00famanie met\u00f3dou kvapalinovej chromatografie s hmotnostn\u00fdm spektrometrom potvrdilo domnienku doktorky Borgia. \u013dudia po celom svete u\u017e pred 30000 rokmi pou\u017e\u00edvali na lov otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 o\u0161tepy, hroty \u010di \u0161\u00edpy. Vrha\u010d o\u0161tepov spolo\u010dne s otr\u00e1ven\u00fdm hrotom zaistili \u013eudstvu lep\u0161ie vyhliadky na bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 aj dostatok jedla.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: https:\/\/bit.ly\/38E3ZQ1<\/p>\n

Viacej inform\u00e1ci\u00ed: https:\/\/www.dotyk.cz<\/p>\n

Foto: Depositphotos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u017de nemali lovci mamutov \u013eahk\u00e9 obstaranie, je v\u0161etk\u00fdm jasn\u00e9. Vedci v\u0161ak objavili, \u017ee si \u013eudia pom\u00e1hali e\u0161te aj inak ako len svalami, mr\u0161tnos\u0165ou a nov\u00fdmi zbra\u0148ami. Lovci mamutov boli vyzbrojen\u00ed aj jedmi, a to naprie\u010d kontinentmi a u\u017e v paleolite. Nielen zbrane, ale pr\u00e1ve aj jedy, zaistili \u013eu\u010fom pre\u017eitie. Pravek\u00ed lovci mamutov vyn\u00e1lezcovia Tak ako […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":90021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,56,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-90020","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-outdoor","category-priroda","category-tech","eq-blocks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90020","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90020"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90020\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":90024,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90020\/revisions\/90024"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/90021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slovaklinesmagazin.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}